Gas steam boilers. Information for the selection of burners

The gas burner for the boiler is its most important component. The choice of this component determines the operation of the boiler, its efficiency and productivity.

The demand for such burners is quite high, since the type of fuel used in them is considered one of the cheapest today. There is a wide range of gas burners. Therefore, in this matter, you need to be careful and take into account all aspects.

What is a gas burner?

Gas burners for boilers are structures inside which gas and oxygen are mixed. The mixture flows to the outlets and there it is ignited by a spark or piezoelectric element and a stable, stable torch is formed.

The main task of the listed elements in boilers is to maintain a stable and constant combustion of the resulting mixture. As you can see, the design of a boiler with a gas burner is quite simple and its installation will not cause difficulties.

A gas burner consists of several units: a nozzle, an ignition system, an automation system and a flame detector.

Its structure should be, first of all, safe. In addition, this element of the heating boiler must burn the mixture without residue, and the emission of harmful substances must be minimal.

Low noise level is another of the requirements for devices. Be sure to pay attention to the service life.

Gas burners of automatic heating boilers are another safety requirement. As soon as the fire is extinguished, the fuel supply is automatically stopped. This is one of the main criteria for her choice.

They have found their application in household heating stakes and in industry. Gas, despite its high consumer qualities, has a rather low cost in comparison with other types of fuel. This makes gas burners demanded and popular.

Atmospheric gas burner.

Today, gas AOGV boilers are of great interest - heating gas water heaters. A distinctive feature here is the volatility of boilers, that is, they can work without an electrical network.

In addition, the noted devices are fully automated by the ACS control system, which plays the role of an automatic thermostat and reduces the amount of fuel consumed.

Combined versions

Gas fuel burner
Gas burners (GH) assimilate gas and oxygen from the incoming air. The formed compound ignites a spark from the piezoelectric component or an electrical impulse. A stable torch fire is obtained.

Combined versions for boilers are also available today. They use a variety of fuel meringues to reconfigure equipment.

Versions of the GG on the method of introducing oxygen into the combustion department:

1. atmospheric;
2. fan;
3. diffuse kinetic.

By the type of fire control, GG are:

1. with one step;
2. with two steps;
3. with two steps and smooth control;
4. modulated.

Criteria for the GG:

1. compliance with safety standards;
2. creating and maintaining a stable fire;
3. rapid and high-quality ignition of the gas composition;
4. ease of installation of the wick component;
5. long operational life;
6. noises within the framework of sanitary standards.

Combined burner

When using a modulated burner, gas, fuel oil, and diesel fuel can be used as fuel. Under these conditions, no technical changes to the equipment are necessary.

Options for the combustion of different fuels are implemented in one unit.This advantage is relevant for the owners who do not yet have main gas. This option is also useful for economical fuel consumption.

These heating burners have total automation to control the combustion mode, the strength of the fire and other actions of the boiler. Thanks to intelligent automation, the user's participation in the control of gas equipment is minimized.

True, these burners have significant drawbacks, which significantly reduce their popularity:

1. very complex device;
2. low efficiency;
3. a very complex operation of reconfiguring the apparatus when changing the fuel. A professional from the gas service should work here;
4. colossal prices.

As already noted, burners can differ in the way they fire control.

Single stage burners operate in one mode. And if the automation is involved, the gas burner is often turned off and on. In this case, the conditioned temperature of the heat carrier is formed, which adversely affects the operating period of the burner and the efficiency of the boiler itself.

Classification of gas burners

The main types of gas burners: atmospheric / injection, blowing / ventilation, and diffusion-kinetic. The first is characterized by an open combustion chamber. Air is supplied by being sucked in by a gas stream.

Atmospheric gas burners are a tube or several tubes where fuel is supplied. A low pressure is formed in the tube, due to which air is sucked in from the room. These burners are usually part of the boiler.

Most often, atmospheric gas burners are used for domestic heating boilers. The area that they can heat is no more than 100 sq.m. In addition, heaters can be used in boilers of various types - from expensive to cheap designs.

Blowing gas burners for a heating boiler have a more complex design and principle of operation.

Ventilation burners have a closed combustion chamber. Here, air is supplied by a fan. Thus, it becomes possible to set the flow rate of the gas-air mixture. This in turn leads to high efficiency values.

Blast burners must be purchased separately from the boiler, as an additional unit.

These burners for heating boilers have their own advantages. Firstly, it is safety, since they have a closed combustion chamber. The second advantage is the high level of efficiency. Blower gas burners for boilers are insensitive to pressure changes.

They also have their disadvantages: a high noise level compared to atmospheric, high energy costs, and the high cost of the device itself.

As for diffusion-kinetic gas burners, they occupy an intermediate place between atmospheric and blast burners. The air is not supplied to the chamber completely, after which it is added to the flame. They are not used in domestic boilers.

This type of burner has its pros and cons. The main advantage is considered to be the achievement of the maximum value of efficiency. The downside here is the high cost.

Varieties

Now let's talk about the categories of burners. It is better to use the model specified by the manufacturer in the regulatory documentation. The heat exchanger, like the design of the boiler, is usually created with the expectation of installing a specific burner device.

If you take the purpose, then there are two categories of burners.

• For high power industrial boilers. In this category, injection fan burners are usually mounted. Their capacity will range from 120 to 250 kW.
• Household options. In this case, the power will not exceed 120 kW. This includes an atmospheric boiler burner. Its disadvantages will be high fuel consumption and serious installation requirements.

If we talk about the type of fuel, as a classification criterion, then there are two types of burners:

• working on liquefied gas;
• on a natural analogue.

The difference between burner types will be in gas operating pressure and nozzle sizes. In household structures from European brands, universal options are usually installed that can work with both types of gas.

There are also injection diffusion and other solutions with preliminary partial or one hundred percent mixing. But such options are used only in industrial models. It should be noted here that the type of burner will affect the design features of the heat exchanger, combustion chamber, gas outlet option, and exhaust system.

By the type of burner regulation there are:

• 1-stage;
• 2-stage;
• 2-stage with gas modulation;
• modulated.

It depends on the control type whether an open or a closed burner will be used. The category of the device will have an impact on the standards that will apply to the installation and operation of such a boiler.

Now let's tell you more about each of the categories. One-step solutions are the most common option. Their principle of operation is that they turn on and off. The frequency of changing the operating modes will depend on how quickly the thermal medium cools down, as well as on the operating mode.

We offer you to familiarize yourself with: Standard sizes of fbs blocks

The features of such burners are:

• work regardless of the availability of electricity;
• high gas consumption;
• excellent reliability;
• the presence of an ignition mechanism.

If we talk about two-stage burners, then they are suitable for boilers where there is an accurate regulation of gas flows. The name suggests that such a device can operate in two modes. Usually we are talking about 30 percent and 100 percent power.

The features of such a solution will be:

• constant burning;
• heating the heat carrier by one hundred percent;
• automatic models control the transition from one mode to another.

If we talk about the third category, then here the working principle is identical to the previous version. The only difference is that the changeover is performed without fast jerking.

The features of this type of burner will be:

• low fuel combustion;
• versatility;
• electrical dependence;
• regulation of the heating temperature of the heat carrier.

The last type is modulating burners. They are considered to be the most economical. The change in burner power is usually carried out in automatic mode.

The modulating burner features:

• availability of control automation;
• versatility;
• high efficiency.

Other differences

In addition to the above, depending on the type of regulation, other types of gas burners are distinguished. These include single-stage, two-stage, sliding-two-stage, modulated.

The structure of the gas burner.

The principle of operation of single-stage gas burners is to automatically close the gas valve as soon as the heating medium heats up to a certain temperature. Thus, the gas burner is automatically extinguished.

After the gas reaches the lower limit temperature, the gas valve is automatically opened, which leads to full ignition of the burner. Such devices are very convenient to use in gas household appliances.

Two-stage gas burners for the boiler operate in two systems - 40% and 100%. The burner starts working at 40% as soon as the coolant heats up to the required temperature and the gas valve is closed. The automatic system allows you to switch from one system of work to another.

The continuously variable two-stage gas burners operate in two modes. Here, the transition to another mode is carried out more smoothly than in two-stage.

For continuous heating of the boiler, modulating burners are used.Unlike a boiler with an atmospheric burner, this type of burner covers a wide power range. In addition, modulating options significantly save gas.

Due to the automation of the process, the service life of such units is much longer. The flame height in a gas burner for modulating heating is automatically adjusted.

In turn, modulated variants are classified depending on the principle of operation of modulating units.

Burners with modulation are distinguished:

• mechanical;
• pneumatic;
• electronic.

Electronic modulating burners provide high control accuracy. Modulating gas burners made in Italy are considered the best today.

Floor standing boilers

Floor standing gas boilers for home have a rather conservative design, large dimensions and considerable weight. Heat exchangers can be made of steel or cast iron. Cast iron - massive, expensive, extremely reliable and durable. However, cast iron is fragile, afraid of impacts, overheating and demanding on the chemical composition of the coolant.

• Floor standing boilers with atmospheric burners have a relatively low heat output, from 10 to 80 kW. Among them there are both complex devices with two-stage and modulating burners, built-in circulation pump and microprocessor control, and the simplest installations, similar to the domestic KChM. Such a boiler is suitable for installation in antediluvian gravitational heating systems, does not need power supply, and is cheap. When purchasing such a unit, it is better to forget about fuel economy.
• "Floor stands" with inflatable burners have incomparably great possibilities. Their power starts from 20 kW and is practically unlimited (thousands of kilowatts). They are more economical, more resistant to accidents on the gas supply line. As a rule, burners are remote, located outside the boiler body and easily dismantled. These heating units are universal: in addition to gas, oil burners can be installed on them. Not a bad option when the building already needs to be heated, and the gas pipeline has not yet been installed. Changing the burner to another type of fuel will take a couple of hours. External forced draft burners produce quite a noticeable noise, the boiler room should not be adjacent to living rooms, or it will have to be soundproofed.

"Napolnik" with atmospheric burner and cast-iron heat exchanger and a 150-liter boiler - a reliable and proven option for heating your home

It is advisable that the installation of the gas boiler is carried out on a podium with a height of 10-20 cm. This makes it easier to carry out service work, and much less dust gets inside the boiler.

Types of universal boilers using a gas burner

Let's take a look at the example of a universal firewood-coal-gas boiler. In such boilers, an atmospheric gas burner is used, where gas and air are mixed naturally. You can also use a blower system equipped with a fan.

Which one to choose is up to the buyer, but it should be mentioned: fan models are volatile and more noisy.

The automated gas burner is carried out using a fan circuit. Gas and air are mixed in it, after which the resulting mixture enters the nozzle and ignites.

Design features of a burner for a gas boiler.

A fan, a reducer and an automation system are built into the side of the burner, with the help of which the gas burner is regulated.

Today, the most famous are the universal gas / diesel boilers, since the structure of these substances during combustion is very similar. Thus, the changeover to another fuel is quick and easy.

There are also more expensive models of universal boilers that run on many types of fuel. For example, boilers firewood-coal-electricity-gas-liquid fuel. Here, one type of fuel is the main one. It is on the basis of it that the boiler power is calculated.Accordingly, other types of fuel are secondary.

The use of a liquid fuel cell will reduce the efficiency of heating equipment. During the heating of wood, diesel, briquettes, the heat rises from the bottom up and heats the coolant. If a torch is used, it spreads horizontally.

As a result, the back wall of the boiler is most exposed to heat. After a long period of use, it may burn out.

Additional insulation will help solve this problem. Diesel fuel should be stored in appropriate places. These include plastic containers, rooms with a protective pallet. Sometimes it is buried next to the boiler room, if the soil allows. The storage issue should be thought out in advance.

Universal boilers are often used in car repair shops. If the object is located in a place without access to the gas main, then universal heating devices will be an excellent choice.

As fuel, you can use not only wood, coal or pellets, but also waste oil. This fuel provides a fairly high efficiency.

At the same time, the flow rate can vary significantly depending on the power. A sufficient supply of this material is required, which is possible only with a large turnover.

The transition from heating one type of fuel to another is sometimes simple, and sometimes laborious. Changing the diesel to gas can pose a particular danger. The first, as a result of long-term operation of the heating system, leaves soot in the chimney.

After switching to gas, it can crumble and block the chimney. Then carbon monoxide can enter the room, which is fraught with serious consequences.

Of course, the burner should shut down automatically in this case. Nevertheless, it is not worth risking your life and it is better to turn to specialists. They will definitely, after changing the heating operation mode, clean the chimney.

All of the above transition conditions are characteristic only of one-type systems. Their design provides for the combustion of fuel in one chamber. On the one hand, such a device is the most economical. If a frequent change of regimes is not planned, then it makes no sense to overpay.

According to the materials used, boilers are divided into cast iron and metal. The first option is the most reliable. They are designed to withstand severe thermal loads. They are able to provide a long service life even at high operating powers.

The disadvantages of these devices are their bulkiness and weight. During the selection, it is necessary to think in advance of all possible options for the operation of the specified heater.

Double-fired boilers are more practical and easier to use. Especially when it comes to frequent switching from one type of fuel to another. At the same time, they have significant dimensions. The furnaces in them can be located in different ways: next to each other, one above the other.

In this case, the same coolant circuit is heated by different types of fuel, and the transition is carried out without additional installation work, manually or automatically, depending on the additional equipment used.

The device of a gas boiler with a burner.

Each compartment is made specifically for a specific type of fuel. The result is high efficiency and cost-effectiveness by changing the operating mode. The transition from one work option to another does not cause any difficulties. In some models, it can be done automatically.

These heating systems are especially effective in conditions of power outages, unstable gas supply, and high cost of connecting to the mains.

Given the availability of solid fuel materials and their relatively low cost, they have no equal. On the other hand, the price of a universal system is quite high.

How to choose a wall-mounted gas boiler for a private house

The choice of wall models is huge, but it is not necessary to understand all the nuances of functioning: it is enough to understand what to pay attention to and what this or that technical solution gives in practice.

Convection or condensing

The principle of operation of conventional convection (efficiency 88-94%) and condensing (efficiency 104-116%) gas boilers.
The principle of operation of a convection boiler is decently simple. The water flows through a heat exchanger, which is heated by a gas burner using an open flame. But the problem is that some of the heat escapes into the chimney. To use this heat for its intended purpose, condensing boilers were invented. An additional heat exchanger is installed in them, which collects condensate and extracts additional heat energy from it. Its structure is more complicated than that of convection models.

On the other hand, condensing boilers are much more expensive, since an additional heat exchanger requires expensive, condensation-resistant materials, and radiators for them must be taken with a large margin of power. Indeed, for the greatest efficiency, condensing boilers must be used in a low-temperature heating system with a temperature within 50 ° C. But the efficiency will be more than 100%. This will help save 5-10% of gas per season. For convection mounted boilers, the efficiency rarely exceeds 95%.

It is difficult to choose here: either save on the purchase of equipment, or then pay less for gas and recoup the initial costs within 8-11 years.

Differences and selection criteria for condensing gas boilers

Single-circuit or double-circuit

A clear principle of operation of double-circuit boilers with the priority of hot water supply (DHW).
Single-circuit models only work in heating mode. If the boiler is also capable of heating water, it is called a double-circuit. There are two ways to organize the hot water circuit:

• bithermic heat exchanger - It consists of two pipe-in-pipe parts. The heating circuit runs through the outside, and hot water runs through the inside. Thanks to this design, manufacturers save space inside the case and resources, however, more scale is formed in bithermic heat exchangers, they are easily clogged, and due to their design, they cannot be cleaned mechanically.
• separate (mono-thermal) heat exchangers - here a secondary heat exchanger is used, which is heated by contact with the primary. When hot water is required, the boiler starts up the heating medium in a small circle inside the casing (or only a part of the heating medium in the heating circuit, if the boiler is equipped with a three-way valve, which allows the heating of the heating circuit to continue). It is better to choose boilers with separate heat exchangers, the diameter of the duct in them is wider, and it is easier to clean them in case of a large amount of scale formation.

I believe that the best way to organize heating and water supply is a single-circuit boiler and an indirect heating boiler. Unfortunately, such equipment is very expensive and takes up a lot of space. Therefore, double-circuit models are more often chosen. They are 10-30% more expensive than single-circuit ones, but you don't have to buy an additional water heater. And there is usually enough water for domestic needs.

How to choose a gas wall-mounted single-circuit boiler Selection criteria, best models and prices

How to choose a gas wall-mounted double-circuit boiler Selection criteria, best models and prices

Heat exchanger material

The main or primary heat exchangers consist of a tube on which plates are located. Water passes through the tube, and the plates provide the maximum area of ​​contact with the fire. The material of the heat exchanger, first of all, determines its durability. The most common in hinged boilers are:

• steel heat exchangers - the cheapest in production, lightweight, resistant to temperature extremes. Installed in models of the budget and often the middle price segment.A significant drawback of steel heat exchangers is their susceptibility to corrosion, which is why their service life averages 12-15 years;
• copper heat exchangers - more expensive, but also more heat-conducting, more resistant to corrosion. The only drawback is the possibility of burnout, but this happens very rarely. They are usually installed in models of the middle and high price segment, the average service life is 14-17 years;
• aluminum heat exchangers - not so common option, used in models of the upper and, rarely, the middle price segment. Its properties are similar to copper, less weight allows you to make the walls of the heat exchanger thicker, which eliminates the likelihood of burnout. There is also an opinion that it is even less susceptible to corrosion, however, the practice of using aluminum heat exchangers is quite fresh, we can only say that in almost all cases aluminum heat exchangers have been in service for more than 15 years.

The secondary heat exchanger serves to supply hot water. It is made of stainless steel. These heat exchangers have two circuits. Heating passes one at a time, which heats the second circuit with sanitary water. Due to the fact that there is no direct contact with fire, such heat exchangers last longer than the main ones rarely cause problems.

Combustion chamber device and types of smoke removal

An open flame burner heats up a heat exchanger through which water flows. But there will be no fire without air, and the combustion products should be disposed of. For these purposes, two types of cameras are used: open and closed.

Open combustion chamber and natural draft

This method was used for floor standing boilers. It is also called atmospheric. In such a combustion chamber, holes are provided through which air enters the boiler from the room. The combustion products escape into the chimney in a natural way. Of the advantages, one can single out less noise that the boiler emits. There is no fan here. For the same reason, the price of such equipment is slightly lower. There is also no coaxial chimney.

But the disadvantages are more significant. First, the efficiency of the design with an open combustion chamber is 2-5% lower. Secondly, the chimney itself takes up space, and even for many it constantly flows. Thirdly, the requirements for the premises are much higher. Finally, an open combustion chamber becomes dirty much faster, especially if the boiler room is not perfectly clean. It is recommended to clean atmospheric boilers at least every 3 seasons.

Closed combustion chamber and forced draft

I believe that it is much better to put a turbocharged model: this is the name for boilers with a closed combustion chamber. Its device is airtight and has a fan. Although it is installed on the outside of the camera. When the burner starts to work, the fan turns on. It discharges combustion waste through a coaxial pipe. Through it, air from the street enters the boiler. Since the chamber is sealed, there is simply no other way for the air.

Due to the ability to regulate the amount of air supplied for combustion, turbocharged boilers are more efficient. They can be installed in any room, even the smallest. Some owners hide the boiler in the closet altogether. Although the gas services treat this badly, I was convinced from my own experience that there is nothing wrong with that. The only thing to consider is future service, there must be enough space inside the cabinet.

True, there are disadvantages in this case:

• the turbine creates noise at high speeds;
• the cost of models with a closed camera is on average 3-6 thousand rubles more expensive;
• turbocharged models consume several tens of watts more electricity.

Comparison of boilers with open and closed combustion chambers

Varieties of gas burners

When the boiler starts up, it opens a valve through which gas enters the burner. It is she who evenly distributes the flame in order to warm up the heat exchanger as efficiently as possible. There are 3 types of burners, which differ in the way they regulate the intensity of the flame:

1. Single stage... When the temperature reaches the upper limit, the valve shuts off the gas and the burner goes out. If the temperature drops to the lower limit, the gas valve opens and the burner starts working at full capacity. This is the cheapest but least efficient mechanism.
2. Two-stage... At first, the burner operates at 100% power. When the temperature reaches a certain value, the power drops to 40%. This is due to the valve, which only covers the flow of gas, and does not close it completely.
3. Modulated... They can operate in a wide range of capacities - from 10 to 100%. Everything happens automatically. This ensures the most efficient boiler operation. First, less gas is consumed. Secondly, the service life of the heat exchanger is increased.

Efficiency

In simple terms, the efficiency is a comparison of the energy expended and released. The higher the efficiency value, the more efficiently the equipment works. A copper heat exchanger, a closed combustion chamber, a modulating burner, automation and sensors - all this was invented so that the boiler consumes less gas and accumulates more heat. Condensing models exceeded all expectations in this regard. Their efficiency reaches 116%. For convection boilers, 91-93% are considered the norm, from which one should start when choosing.

However, it is worth paying attention to the efficiency as the last thing, having decided on the previous parameters, since the difference of 1, 2 and even 3% will be expressed not in hundreds, but in tens of rubles per month.

Minimum required power

Since everyone's houses are different, then you need to select a boiler individually. Of course, you can have high ceilings or good insulation, but I will consider the standard option. Each heating equipment has a heat output indicator. It is usually measured in kilowatts. It is generally accepted that 1 kW of thermal power is required for 10 m². This indicator should be based on.

For example, if you have a house of 100 m², you need at least 10 kW. But you need to understand that no equipment should work at full capacity. Therefore, a margin of 20-30% should be taken into account. This means that a 12-13 kW boiler is better suited for 100 m². But you shouldn't take too much stock either, unless you plan to expand.

In more non-standard cases, if large panoramic windows, high ceilings are used, the house is perfectly insulated, located in the extreme southern or northern point of the country, correction factors are taken into account, which change the final result by 15-30% up or down.

How to accurately calculate the required boiler power Individual calculation, formula and correction factors

Additional criteria

In wall-hung boilers, the fan and circulation pump generate noise. Yes, and during ignition, you can also hear how the burner turns on. Therefore, noise insulation is installed in many models. This is especially important for those users who have a boiler installed in their living room. But thermal insulation is also present in boilers. For this, asbestos gaskets are usually used inside the combustion chamber.

Some hinged boilers only allow temperature control. Other models have a huge number of settings. For example, you can program the boiler so that the temperature is higher during the day and lower at night. Or lower the temperature to 15 ° C for certain hours, which is beneficial for those who have an empty house while people are at work. You can customize it for days and weeks, this functionality is called a programmer.Of course, the more functions a boiler has, the more expensive it is.

A room thermostat can be connected to all models. It allows you to control the temperature not by heating, but by air. This method saves gas and increases the service life of the equipment, but only if the house is well insulated. In addition, there are various WiFi and GSM modules that can be used to control the boiler remotely. And in the event of a malfunction, the owner will immediately receive a notification.

Homemade units

There are craftsmen who remodel heating systems with their own hands. On the Internet, you can even find the necessary schemes for changing the devices of gas burners, their installation and adjustment.

Usually, metal is used as a material for the manufacture of heating systems. A cast iron firebox would be much more reliable. However, it is not possible to use it at home.

An excellent option for manual work is ordering the system from specialists. They will be able to manufacture the device in accordance with all the wishes of the customer. However, the likelihood of defects in the boilers is not excluded, which may appear after some time.

What are homemade heating units for? The fact is that the marked options have a lower cost. They are made mainly because of the desire to save money. At the same time, these options are inferior to their factory counterparts in efficiency.

Over a long period of use, it may turn out that a homemade version will turn out to be even more expensive.

Usually only solid fuel and electrical units are made. Tinkering with gas and diesel boilers is extremely dangerous. In addition, their installation in the house is strictly prohibited.

According to the principle of operation, a homemade product is no different from a purchased option. It will burn fuel and heat the coolant filled with water.

The main disadvantage of this unit is the lack of a guarantee. The plant equipment will work and perform its functions. Even if the buyer stumbles upon a defect, he will be able to change the product for another.

It is better to use pellets, firewood, coal as fuel in hand-made units. These materials are less hazardous than gas. Heating devices cannot be made on the basis of the latter.

Simple solid fuel units are the most popular and common home-made devices. They are simple and their design is very similar to a conventional oven. In addition, they are versatile.

Like a conventional furnace, these systems are capable of operating on any solid fuel. The main thing is to burn.

The main parts of the gas boiler.

The efficiency of homemade equipment is significantly lower than the factory one. It is influenced by many factors.

Among them:

• thermal insulation;
• completeness of combustion;
• the correctness of the conclusions.

The efficiency of the unit directly depends on the combustion temperature. The higher it is, the lower the efficiency. In high-quality systems, the temperature in the furnace is maintained at 120–150 ° C. Higher values ​​reduce the pipe safety. This, in turn, significantly reduces the durability of the unit.

When manufacturing boilers with a burner, it is better to protect yourself as much as possible from the possible consequences of its operation. Therefore, a separate purchase of an automatic gas burner should be considered, which will be installed in an atmospheric or blower boiler room.

You can also make electric heating units with your own hands. Their design can be different. It all depends on the requests of the person. The simplest option is to install a heating element directly into the heating system. In this case, there is no need to manufacture the boiler.

The pipe with the heater must have a sufficiently large diameter. It should be easily removable for repair and cleaning.

Systems without a heater deserve special attention. Its role is played by the water itself.A current is passed through it, and due to the movement of water ions, heating occurs. The liquid itself must contain salt.

It is extremely difficult to make such a device. The electric current passes directly through the coolant, so the entire system must be reliably isolated.

One of the dangers of this device is electrical breakdown. Essentially the same as a short circuit. Gas can also accumulate in the system. As a result, the heating efficiency will decrease.

Of the above, the solid fuel unit is the best option. Its body can be assembled from heat-resistant steel. It is characterized by increased strength, less wear and tear and high resistance to thermal effects.

Nevertheless, heat-resistant steel is expensive and is rarely used in homemade boilers in practice. Another option is cast iron: this material tolerates heat well, although it is difficult to work with it. Equipment for the manufacture of a cast iron stove is available only at specialized enterprises.

It is important to understand that without proper experience and skills, it is better not to tinker with the heating system with your own hands. Safety must come first. It is enough to admit even one inaccuracy, and this can lead to disastrous consequences.

Selection of burners for different types and models of boilers

When choosing a burner, one should pay attention to its various characteristics - the fuel supply model, the option of mixing gas with air, compatibility with various categories of devices. We will tell you about the most interesting models.

• KCHM burner. It is used in boiler units converted from conventional fuel to LNG or conventional gas. It usually has automatic equipment, and there are three nozzles. It is used in boiler units of the Kontur model or similar versions.

• Burner "Hearth". It is a pneumo-mechanical type device with an automatic mode of operation. It turns off on its own if:
  the fire went out;
• the gas supply has stopped;
• there is no necessary traction.

This model has a gas pressure controller. This makes it possible to achieve an equal burning of the fire, even if any malfunctions occur in the mechanism. Such solutions are easy to maintain due to the fact that soot does not accumulate in the convective part.

• Another burner I would like to talk about is the Kupper model. This option is universal and suitable for combination boilers, solid fuel structures from Kiturami or Russian-made models of the Conord brand. The advantage of this torch will also be the ability to install it without locksmithing or welding.
• Another rather popular solution is a burner for DKVR. Such a block device is used where there is a forced air supply. Such a solution is used for industrial steam boilers with the corresponding power. Their efficiency is about 94-95 percent. A similar design works either in a diffusion or inflatable version. Powerful Italian fans are often used to increase its efficiency.

• Another category is burners for FAC. They are used for household needs and are solid fuel. Considering that there is no need to use too powerful equipment to heat the premises, atmospheric or injection solutions are used. When choosing a burner element, you should pay attention to power and safety in use.

Outcome

Gas burners have found their application in domestic heating pipes as well as in industry. Gas, despite its high consumer qualities, has a rather low cost in comparison with other types of fuel. This makes gas burners demanded and popular.

This review discusses the main types of gas burners, their advantages and disadvantages.This information will definitely come in handy when choosing a boiler for heating, taking into account the place of its use: house, apartment, summer cottage.

Ways to designate GG

All gas burners are marked in accordance with the current regulations and standards. The following are some examples of symbols that identify the performance and options of the machine.

The type of device is marked with letters. And the letter "G" indicates that the device is a burner.

If GM is indicated, it means that it is allowed to use the device in boilers operating on gas and fuel oil.

DS - evidence that the burner has an elongated gas sector.

Р - designation of the rotary model.

P - the device uses a nozzle, its rotor rotates to the right side.

L - the rotor rotates in the reverse vector (like an hour hand)

From the direction of rotation of the indicated rotor, the installation site of the burner itself in the combustion sector is determined.