When installing a warm floor, it is necessary not only to correctly perform the installation in compliance with the technology and all standards, you must also familiarize yourself with the gradation of the temperature regime. What is the temperature of the warm floor is considered borderline high, low or optimal? First of all, this knowledge is required to protect the flooring from damage (meaning ceramic tiles, parquet or linoleum). Often, users set their own parameters for the heating system, which negatively affects its operation.
Underfloor heating temperature
How does a warm floor work?
It is important to have an idea of the device and the features of the warm floor in order to understand how the temperature indicators can be adjusted and to what point, in principle, heating is possible. Regardless of the manufacturer or the type of system, the floor consists of several layers. There are only three of them. Only this design allows you to ensure the optimal floor temperature in the room. Now we will consider the features of each of these layers separately.
Electric floor heating connection diagram
Warm floor - system advantages
First layer
It is a cement screed, on top of which a special substrate is laid, which has waterproof and heat-insulating properties. The main task of the underlay is to retain heat in the house and protect the lower floors from possible leaks. The screed also protects the pipeline from mechanical stress, which is very important during the installation phase.
What does a warm floor device look like under a tile?
Second layer
The next layer of the underfloor heating system is a pipeline through which hot water or heat carrier circulates. For the manufacture of the pipeline, metal and expanded clay are most often used. When installing other heating systems, special heating elements are installed instead of the pipeline, although the water heating system is considered the most common (it is economical and safe).
Water heat-insulated floor on logs
Third layer
The final layer of the system is a solid concrete screed that covers the pipeline. On top of the screed is a floor covering such as parquet or linoleum. There are several main requirements for a topcoat. First of all, it should not only be moisture resistant, it should also shouldn't be afraid of high temperatures.
Concrete layer - directly the floor screed
Prices for warm floors DEVI
Warm floors DEVI
Heating rate of underfloor heating models
The room temperature is also influenced by the heating rate of the floor covering. Heating and underfloor heating primarily depends on the choice of the model and the depth of its occurrence. Consider the heating rate of the room, with the participation of different models:
- Water system. When installing this system, a concrete screed is used, the thickness of which is on average about - 5 cm. It will take about 25 hours to warm up such a layer, after which the desired microclimate in the room is achieved. When the system is turned off or if it fails, the concrete screed is able to retain heat throughout the day.
- Cable model. When using an electrical system, the desired temperature in a residential building is reached from 12 to 24 hours, depending on the area of the room. At the same time, the heating elements begin to warm up after 6 - 8 minutes after turning on the model, and after 2 hours the base of the floor becomes more comfortable. When the power is turned off, the electric model maintains the indoor climate for a long time.
- Infrared and matt systems.These innovative models are capable, for the first time, of hours of connection, to increase the temperature in the room. This feature lies in the fact that thermal radiation immediately enters the inside of the building, without heating the concrete screed or floor covering.
But in order to achieve such a microclimate and a certain temperature for heating systems, it is necessary to additionally purchase regulating floor heating products.
Optimum temperature readings
There is no definite answer to the question of what temperature of the warm floor is considered normal. After all, if we consider the situation from the side of building rules and regulations, then the temperature indicators will be the same, and if from the side of a person who lives in an apartment with a warm floor, then the comfortable temperature for him may be completely different. Therefore, first you need to understand the building codes and regulations (SNiP) - what are they talking about?
Comfortable temperature of warm floors for different coatings
Note! For premises where people are constantly staying, the optimum temperature is 26 ° C. These are areas such as the kitchen, living room and bedroom. The temperature of the underfloor heating for rooms in which people stay for a short time is 31 ° C. These are corridors, toilets and bathrooms.
Heat distribution of the warm floor
Comfort temperature
In each case, the comfortable temperature is selected individually, so the indicators may differ from those established by building codes. Some people like a cool environment in the house, while others, on the contrary, prefer a warmer climate. Many people suffer from poor blood circulation in the lower extremities, which is why their feet often get cold. In this regard, the comfortable temperature for each individual person may be different..
Optimum floor temperature
Prices for underfloor heating REHAU
Warm floors REHAU
Maximum temperature
Despite the individual preferences of each person, there are maximum values for the temperature of the warm floor, which are strictly not recommended to be exceeded. There are several reasons for this. Firstly, doctors do not recommend exceeding the temperature, since prolonged contact of the legs with the hot surface of the floor can provoke venous expansion of the veins. With constant exposure to heat, the veins will also continually expand.
Limit (maximum) temperature of the heated floor surface
Secondly, if the floor overheats, the floor covering can suffer, especially if it is made of wood. Such coatings include parquet and laminate. These materials, under the influence of high temperatures, gradually dry out, due to which gaps are formed, and the material itself is quickly subject to wear.
What is the optimal temperature for underfloor heating
Expert opinion
Afanasyev E.V.
Chief editor of the pol-exp.com project Engineer.
With prolonged overheating, linoleum can emit formaldehydes - harmful substances that negatively affect the human body. Therefore, overheating of the floor should not be allowed when using linoleum as a floor covering.
The most harmful linoleums
Optimal room temperature
The distribution of the temperature of the warm floor occurs gradually from the floor covering up to the ceiling of the building. Thus, a certain microclimate prevails in each zone along the height of the room. With its value, you can visually familiarize yourself with the following table.
| Distance from the floor | Microclimate |
| 30 cm. | + 22 degrees |
| 30 cm - 20 m | + 18 - + 20 degrees |
| Above 20 m. | + 16 - + 18 degrees |
Diagram of the distribution of warm air in the room.
But according to the regulatory document of building codes and regulations (SNiP), there are certain values of the comfortable temperature for each type of room. Let's consider their ratio according to the given scheme.
| Room type | Optimum temperature |
| Bedrooms, hall | + 21 - + 27 degrees |
| Workrooms | + 29 degrees |
| Living room, corridor | + 30 degrees |
| Wet rooms | + 33 degrees |
| Sports rooms | + 17 degrees |
| Premises with a limited period of stay | + 37 degrees |
Scheme of the normative value of SNiP
Thus, according to clause 44 - 01 - 2003 of SNiP, the maximum temperature for heating the room should be about - + 35 degrees, and the minimum - + 25 degrees. Such indicators are due to the fact that at lower values colds may occur, and higher values lead to fatigue of the human body.
In addition to these indicators, the type of finish also affects the comfortable temperature of the warm floor.
Why does the temperature rise
When using a water-heated floor, the temperature often rises to 60-65 ° C, and the floor surface itself is only slightly warm. First of all, this is due to improper installation of the underfloor heating system. There are many probable reasons why the system is not working properly. Below are the most common ones.
Features of heat transfer in the room
- For thermal insulation when laying a warm floor, a very thin material was used or it is completely absent... Due to the lack of thermal insulation to warm up the room, it is necessary to overheat the system, since most of the generated heat evaporates.
- During installation, a large laying step was used, as a result of which the apartment cannot warm up to the optimum temperature.
- The heat loss of the house is too large and the system cannot compensate for them... Therefore, the warm floor does not cope with its main task.
Room temperature distribution
When performing a thin screed, the floor surface warms up strongly, and after the temperature drops, it becomes cool in the house. Such cases are quite rare, but in order to avoid problems with a warm floor, repair work should be trusted only by experienced specialists. Of course, this can hit the pocket at the stage of repair, but it will save on electricity in the future.
Prices for warm floors "Teplolux"
Warm floors Teplolux
Temperature of a warm water floor on different coatings (laminate, tiles)
In a warm water field, many are attracted by the balance of the temperature in the room. For example, if the bottom is +25 ° C, then in the middle part it is about 20, and under the ceiling - 17. Not every decorative coating can be laid on such a floor.
You can lay ceramic tiles, parquet, linoleum, but cover with a carpet, cover with cork materials is undesirable.
Comfortable air temperature for humans is about 24 ° C. And the floor should be a couple of degrees warmer than the air, that is, 26 ° C. The European standard considers that the working temperature of a water floor depends on the coating as well.
For example, the comfortable temperature of a warm water floor is 21 ° C on a carpeted floor, 24 - on a wooden floor. The temperature of the water-heated floor under tiles or tiles is 26 ° C. The optimum temperature for a water floor for parquet is 30 ° C, for laminate and linoleum - 27. For a water heated floor, the temperature of the coolant can be 55 ° C, which is enough for high-quality heating of premises.
It is well known that different rooms have different heat losses. Therefore, the floor must function differently in every room. So, the nursery loses 75 W / m2, the living room - 100 W / m2, the bedroom - 50 W / m2.
Maximum and minimum
The concept of permissible temperature is defined in SNiP41-01-2003 "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning".According to it, the maximum temperature of a water-heated floor cannot exceed 26 ° C in those rooms where people are all the time.
If the maximum temperature of the coolant in a warm water floor is 55 degrees, then this provides a comfortable floor heating - 28 ° C. It will not be superfluous to take into account the specifics of the flooring. They can withstand 27 ° C, but if the floor has been varnished, then you cannot cross the 21 ° C line. If there is a carpet on the floor, then you will have to add about 5 ° C.
According to healthcare standards, if the premises where people are constantly should be 26 ° C, then in humid rooms - already 31. The same temperature should be provided for in those premises where people stay for some time, and not constantly. Above the axis of the pipe should be 35 ° C, and on a parquet floor, the maximum is indicated at 27 ° C.
Features of regulation
If we talk about the classification of automatic control systems for the operation of a warm floor according to the features of work and the place of installation, then the following varieties are distinguished:
- zonal;
- general;
- complex.
Underfloor heating temperature control
Under zonal systems for regulating the temperature of the warm floor it is assumed that there is a separate control element for each room. Shared systems provide for the use of group control of the system in one apartment. The temperature is regulated as follows: the required temperature is set on a special device (thermostat), after which the signal is sent to the system control panel. Upon receipt of the corresponding signal, the coolant moves from the system using valves with servo drives.
Image of water underfloor heating control
To increase the temperature, the coolant is started, and to decrease, on the contrary, it is removed from the floor heating system. Thanks to these actions, temperature regulation takes place. Depending on the type of thermostat and the characteristics of the system itself, the adjustment process may differ slightly.
Underfloor heating scheme with injection
Floor heating control equipment
Today, the consumer market is overflowing with various types of additional equipment for underfloor heating. Each model differs in shape, color and function. Consider the most popular products with which it will be possible to regulate the indoor climate:
- To regulate the temperature of the water in the pipelines, together with the water system, it is recommended to purchase a collector group. With the power of this equipment, the incoming hot liquid and the cooled return flow are mixed. The regulation is carried out manually by the valves of the manifold product. To track information about heating the surface of the topcoat, a display shield is additionally purchased and installed.
- To track and set the temperature of the underfloor heating using electric models, you will need to purchase as an option sensor and thermostat... In this case, the sensor will act as a conductor between the air temperature and the thermostat, and the thermostat will set the operating mode of the heating system.
So, knowing what the temperature of the water-heated floor and electrical models is set by SNiP, the consumer, with the help of additional regulating equipment, will be able to independently set their correct values. According to the recommendations of experts, it is not worth losing sight of these values, since when using heating models there will be no high-quality heating of the room, and their service life will decrease several times.
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Comments (1)
- Maxim November 10 2020 in 20: 21
In my bath, the floor heats up all 38, above normal, but still warm to the legs and the cat)
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Temperature control
How to set the desired temperature of the warm floor and what methods of adjusting it exist? Below are the main temperature correction methods used in modern systems.
Manual adjustment of TP collectors
Table. Methods for adjusting the temperature of the warm floor.
| Method name, photo | Description |
| Group | A general method of temperature control, assuming the presence of a warm floor throughout the house or apartment. |
| Individual | Correction of the temperature mode of the underfloor heating in individual rooms, for example, in the bathroom or corridor. |
| Complex | Another way to adjust the temperature of the warm floor, combining all the above methods. |
Floor heating pipe contour length calculator
Go to calculations
Set of water heated floor up to 60 m - 3. (automatic temperature control)
A set of underfloor heating for heating rooms with an area of 60-80 m2 with a mixing unit with manual adjustment of the temperature of the coolant based on the mixing and separating valve MIX 03. The operating temperature of the coolant is adjusted automatically by the valve servo, depending on the temperature of the coolant set on the scale of the overhead thermostat.
The system uses a manifold block with control valves with flow meters (optional) to ensure an equal flow rate of the heating agent in the underfloor heating loops (hydraulic balancing of the loops). The use of a collector regulated bypass allows to redirect the heat carrier flow from the supply to the return collector in the case when the flow through the collector loops decreases below the value set on the bypass bypass valve.
This allows the hydraulic characteristics of the collector system to be maintained regardless of the influence of the collector loop controls (manual, thermostatic valves or servo drives).
With spiral laying of the underfloor heating loop (screed thickness 3 cm with ceramic tile flooring) with a pitch of 15-20 cm and a calculated coolant temperature of 30 ° C - the floor surface temperature is 24-26 ° C, the coolant consumption is about 0.2 m3 / h , the flow velocity is 0.2-0.5 m / s, the pressure loss in the loop is approximately 5 kPa (0.5 m).
An accurate calculation of thermal and hydraulic parameters can be carried out using the free underfloor heating calculation program Valtec Prog.
Using thermostats
To avoid overheating of the system, when installing a warm floor, install thermostat - a small device that regulates the temperature. There are three main types of thermostats: electronic, mechanical and programmable. All of them differ among themselves not only in name and price, but also in technical characteristics. Therefore, when choosing a product, it is imperative to consult with a specialist.
Types of thermostats for underfloor heating
After purchasing a thermostat, you need to install it correctly. Below is a step-by-step instruction for the installation of the regulator and a special temperature sensor, subject to which even a beginner can cope with this task. First, you need to make a small groove in the wall to lay the wire on the temperature sensor. Next, you need to follow the instructions.
Connecting the underfloor heating controller
Step 1. Pass the wire with the temperature sensor through the corrugated tube (the diameter of the corrugation is selected in accordance with the dimensions of the wire).
Thread the wire into the corrugated tube
Step 2. Carefully lead the sensor wire out from the other side of the corrugation.
Lead the wire out from the other end
Step 3. Close the end of the tube from the side of the sensor using a special plastic plug. This is required to protect the tube from dust and mortar.
Install the plastic plug
Step 4. Fix the end of the corrugated pipe with the sensor between the heating circuits.For this purpose, it is advisable to use a special tape or strong clamps made of plastic.
Secure the end of the tube
On a note! Do not install the temperature sensor very close to a stove, fireplace or electric heater. Due to the proximity, the readings of the temperature sensor may be unreliable.
Step 5. Lead the tube from the regulator to the floor, or rather, into the groove prepared in advance. Make sure that there are no strong bends in the tube.
Bring the tubes to the floor
Step 6... After installing the wiring and the special corrugated tube, seal the groove in the wall with cement mortar. The surface should then remain smooth and level.
Mask the groove with mortar
Step 7. Clean and tin the wires well. The functioning of the thermostat will depend on the quality of the work done.
Run the wires
Step 8. Connect the thermostat to the wires, and then install the device in its place. To do this, a hole must be made in the wall for the dimensions of the regulator.
Connect wires to thermostat
Step 9... Test all electrical connections for proper operation. After checking, turn on the underfloor heating system for a short time. This is necessary to check the health of the system.
This is what the installed thermostat looks like
Step 10. If all is well and the floor heating system works, then a light on the thermostat, or rather, on its panel, will light up. The performance of the entire system will also be indicated by the heating of the floor surface. The diagram shows the installation location of the temperature sensor.
An example of a warm floor scheme
Heat carrier
Useful
In most cases, it is enough to supply a heating agent to the underfloor heating system, the temperature of which ranges from 50 to a maximum supply temperature of 70 degrees.
Such indicators allow you to ensure heating of the flooring, which does not exceed the optimal values. As a result, it is possible to prevent any damage to the materials used - tiles, carpet, linoleum, parquet, etc.
The choice of the temperature of water or any other liquid that needs to be supplied to the warm floor should be based on factors such as:
- screed type and thickness;
- features of the operation of the premises;
- availability of additional heating;
- type of floor covering;
- the purpose of the room, etc.
- desired room temperature
It is necessary to regulate the temperature of the coolant after testing the system for several hours.
Additional recommendations
In order not to continue to face problems during the operation of a warm floor caused by an incorrect temperature regime, you need to follow a few simple rules:
Correct installation of the temperature sensor
- thermal insulation during the installation of a warm floor must be of high quality. Expanded polystyrene is considered the best option. The thickness of the insulating layer is from 5 cm;
- the thickness of the screed must be sufficient, otherwise the floor will become very hot. Experts recommend pouring the screed about 3-5 cm above the pipe;
- there should be a step of 15 cm between the pipes, and if this is the edge zone of the room, then 10 cm;
- the system must be installed according to a previously prepared floor heating project in the house. This is the only way to avoid common mistakes during work.
Calculator for calculating the proportions of the manufacture of cement-sand mortar for floor screed
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Sequence of work when connecting underfloor heating
The demand for underfloor heating is undeniable, since it is able to provide a given temperature in the room. Modern floor heating systems are a worthy addition to heating systems in the house.
Maximum
Attention
The maximum temperature indicators should not exceed 27 degrees Celsius. This rule applies only to those premises in which people live permanently.
It is worth paying attention to the following maximum heating temperatures of the warm floor depending on the floor materials used:
- If a laminate or parquet is laid on the floor, it is not recommended to heat the coolant by more than 27 degrees Celsius.
- In most cases, when using tiles, it allows the warm floor to warm up to 28-33 degrees Celsius. In this case, an extremely important role is played by the type of screed, features of the operation of the room, etc.
- If carpet is used, the heating medium can be up to 27 degrees Celsius.
- Under the linoleum, the warm floor is allowed to warm up to no more than 26 degrees Celsius.
- If there is varnish on the surface of the flooring, the heating temperature of the underfloor heating system should not exceed 21 degrees Celsius.
Thus, when using a floor heating system, it is extremely important to control the temperature of its heating.
A set of a water-heated floor with an area of more than 60 m2 (pump-mixing unit Combimix)
A set of underfloor heating for heating rooms with an area of more than 60 m2 with a pump-mixing unit with automatic maintenance of the coolant temperature.
The maximum power of the underfloor heating system is 20 kW.
The system uses a manifold block with control valves with flow meters (optional) to ensure an equal flow rate of the heating agent in the underfloor heating loops (hydraulic balancing of the loops).
An accurate calculation of the thermal and hydraulic parameters of underfloor heating hinges can be carried out using the free underfloor heating calculation program Valtec Prog.
Well, now it's time to finish the article. All the material that I wanted to share is reviewed. I hope it will be useful to you, and you will use it, if necessary, temperature for underfloor heating Improve your own practical skills and gain all the new knowledge, as they say: "It's never too late to learn!" That's all, thanks for your attention, successful and easy repair!
